Professional Terminology for Deep Well Pump(2)

3. Terms Related to Structure and Installation

1)Stages

Explanation: The number of impellers in a multi-stage pump.

Importance: More stages generate higher head. Deep well pumps are typically multi-stage pumps.

2)Impeller

Explanation: The core rotating component of the pump that transfers mechanical energy from the motor to the water, increasing its kinetic and pressure energy.

Materials: Common materials include cast iron, stainless steel, and bronze, offering increasing resistance to corrosion and abrasion.

3)Riser Pipe / Column Pipe

Explanation: The pipe that connects to the pump and carries water from the well to the surface. It is usually made up of multiple connected sections.

Materials: Common options include galvanized steel, stainless steel, and PVC-U pipe, selected based on head and water quality.

4)Submersible Drop Cable

Explanation: A specially designed, waterproof cable used to supply power to the submersible pump motor underwater.

Importance: Must be correctly sized for the pump's power and feature reliable watertight seals.

5)Control Panel / Starter Box

Explanation: An electrical device used to control and protect the pump motor.

Functions: Typically integrates circuit breakers, contactors, overload protection, phase failure protection, and dry-run protection. Soft Starters and Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) are often included for smooth starting and intelligent speed control.

4. Terms Related to Operation and Protection

1)Dry Running

Explanation: The operation of the pump without water or with insufficient water.

Hazard: Causes immediate overheating and burning of internal friction components (like mechanical seals), which is one of the most common causes of submersible pump failure.

2)Overload Protection

Explanation: A protection device that automatically cuts off the power supply when the motor current exceeds the rated value.

Causes: Can be triggered by abnormal voltage, a jammed impeller, or the pump operating outside its recommended range (e.g., at too high a head).

3)Phase Failure Protection / Phase Loss Protection

Explanation: A protection device that automatically cuts off the power supply in a three-phase motor when one phase of the power supply is lost.

Importance: Running with a lost phase can quickly burn out the motor.

4)Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Control / Inverter Control

Explanation: Adjusts the pump's speed by changing the frequency of the power supply to the motor, enabling smooth, stepless control of flow and head.

Advantages: Energy saving, soft starting to extend equipment life, and maintaining constant pressure in the pipeline system.